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22. Reporting changes in a patient's condition

Reporting changes in a patient’s condition means observing patients carefully and informing the nurse or healthcare team immediately when something unusual happens. Nursing assistants are often the first to notice these changes — and quick reporting can save lives.

Example:
If a patient who was talking and eating well in the morning suddenly becomes weak, pale, or unresponsive, it’s your responsibility to alert the nurse right away. Early reporting helps doctors act fast and prevent serious complications.

Live Case:
A nursing assistant in a hospital in Nigeria noticed that a patient who had surgery the previous day looked unusually sweaty and restless. She immediately told the nurse, who checked the patient and found their blood pressure had dropped dangerously low. The medical team responded quickly, and the patient recovered. Her quick action made the difference.

Apply it now:

Observe carefully: note changes in behavior, appearance, breathing, appetite, or mood.

Report immediately: tell the nurse or supervisor as soon as you notice something unusual.

Be specific: describe exactly what you saw or heard (e.g., “Patient vomited twice,” or “Patient is breathing faster than usual”).

Document accurately: write clear notes in the patient’s record, if assigned.

Follow up: after reporting, stay alert and assist the nurse with any instructions given.


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